ZSU-57-2 SPAAG
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun 57mm
Secondary Gun -
Crew 6
Weight 36.000 Kg
Speed 54 km/h
Range 400 km
Shooting Range 2.500 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 2.000 m

Built in 1957 it was introduced to meet the Red Army's requirement for a reliable self-propelled anti air gun. The ZSU-57-2 is built on a T-54 chassis but with only four wheels. Only drawback is that it is only operational in clear weather.

2S6
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun 2 x 30mm canon
Secondary Gun 2 x SA-19 SAM
Crew 2
Weight 34.000 Kg
Speed 65 km/h
Range 500 km
Shooting Range 12.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 6.000 m

Modern, fast, highly mobile and very lethal anti aircraft artillery system which has sophisticated electronics.

KS-19
Origin Soviet Union
Type Towed
Track Wheeled
Main Gun 100mm gun
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 1.200 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 4.400 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 2.800 m

The Soviet 100mm antiaircraft gun KS-19 was introduced in the late 1940s as the replacement for the wartime 85mm guns. It found use in all of the Warsaw Pact armies, and though it has been largely replaced by surface-to-air guided missiles, the KS-19 is still held in some Warsaw Pact units, and is employed in other countries as well. Provision is also made for direct fire against ground targets such as tanks. The ammunition is of the fixed type and is interchangeable to a large extent with that of other 100mm rifled tank and field guns. The KS-19M2 Anti-Aircraft Artillery may also be employed in a ground support role.

KS-30
Origin Soviet Union
Type Towed
Track Wheeled
Main Gun 130mm gun
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 1.200 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 4.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 2.500 m

The Soviet 130mm antiaircraft gun KS-30 appeared in the early 1950s. The KS-30 was used for the home defence forces of the USSR . It is held in war reserve since it has been replaced by surface-to-air guided missiles. Recognition features are the heavy dual-tire carriage, a firing platform which folds up to a 45 deqree anqte when the piece is in travel, and the long clean tube without muzzle brake. The breechblock is of the semiautomatic horizontal slidinq wedqe type, and the piece is fitted with a power rammer and an automatic fuze setter. Fire control is provided by the PUAZO-30 director and the SON-30 radar.

M1939
Origin Soviet Union
Type Towed
Track Wheeled
Main Gun 37mm gun
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 1.200 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 2.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 1.500 m

The Soviet recoil-operated 37mm antiaircraft guns are based on a Bofors design and closely resemble the 40mm guns used by both the British and United States forces during World Mar II. Although the single mount is the most common version, a twin mount was produced and has been use for export.

S-60
Origin Soviet Union
Type Towed
Track Wheeled
Main Gun 57mm gun
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 1.400 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 2.200 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 1.800 m

The S-60 is a towed, road-transportable single-barrel 57-mm antiaircraft gun system. It is a powerful weapon, well suited to attack armoured vehicles as well as low-flying aircraft. This weapon is designed to provide defence against aircraft and helicopters can also be used against lightly armoured ground vehicles in a ground support role. In Vietnam it was the keystone of North Vietnamese low-altitude air defence.

ZPU-1
Origin Soviet Union
Type Towed
Track Wheeled
Main Gun 14.5mm gun
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 1.100 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 1.800 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 1.400 m

The ZPU-1 is a single towed AA weapon. The two wheel carriage of the ZPU-1 was designed for transport in rough terrain and can be dismantled into units weighing about 176 lbs each. The single and multiple mounts of the ZPU series all use the basic 14.5mm heavy machinegun, which is also found mounted in various armoured vehicles in both the ground and antiaircraft roles. The barrel is air cooled with the ammunition box on the right side. All weapons in this series fire projectiles weighing 64.4 grams having a muzzle velocity of 1000 meters per second, which will penetrate 32 mm of armour.

ZPU-2
Origin Soviet Union
Type Towed
Track Wheeled
Main Gun 14.5mm gun Twin
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 1.400 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 1.800 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 1.400 m

The ZPU-2 was introduced in 1949 and is a twin version of the ZPU-1 basic Soviet 14.5MM machine gun. The ZPU-2 was used in Korea and considered a dangerous opposition in Vietnam . The ZPU-2 was used in the 1970s by some Warsaw Pact armies and by security elements such as the East German Workers' militia. All weapons in this series fire projectiles weighing 64.4 grams having a muzzle velocity of 1000 meters per second, which will penetrate 32 mm of armour.

ZPU-4
Origin Soviet Union
Type Towed
Track Wheeled
Main Gun 14.5mm gun Quad
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 1.400 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 1.800 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 1.400 m

The ZPU-4 is a quadruple anti-aircraft version of the basic Soviet 14.5mm machine gun. Introduced in 1949, it was used in Korea and was later considered the most dangerous opposition to U.S. helicopters in Vietnam . It was also used by Iraqi forces during Operation Desert Storm.

ZPU-23
Origin Soviet Union
Type Towed
Track Wheeled
Main Gun 23mm gun Twin
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 1.400 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 2.500 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 1.500 m

Introduced in 1964, the ZU-23 was the Soviets' newest lightweight, automatic, towed antiaircraft gun. The ZU-23 mounts twin 23-mm cannons on a towed two-wheel carriage. The ZU-23 is a highly mobile air-dropable system. The ZU-23 can also be used in a ground support role. It was used extensively by airborne units and by some motorized rifle regiments.

ZPU-23-4
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun 23mm gun Quad
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 28.400 Kg
Speed 50 km/h
Range 450 km
Shooting Range 4.500 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 3.000 m

The ZSU-23-4 is a Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft Gun featuring a prominent radar dish that can be folded down mounted on a modified PT-76 chassis. ZSU 23-4 Shilka, is capable of acquiring, tracking and engaging low-flying aircraft (as well as mobile ground targets while either in place or on the move). The armament consists of four 23mm cannon with a maximum slant range of 3,000 meters.

ZPU-57-2
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun 23mm gun Quad
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 28.400 Kg
Speed 50 km/h
Range 420 km
Shooting Range 4.500 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 3.000 m

The ZSU-57 Self-Propelled anti-aircraft system is distinguished by its pair 57mm cannons mounted to the front of the box type turret.

SA-1 Guild
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 28.400 Kg
Speed 50 km/h
Range 420 km
Shooting Range 58.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 35.000 m

The SA-1 GUILD was the first surface-to-air strategic air defence system deployed by the Soviet Union The SA-1 system entered operational service in the late 1950s, and was deployed around Moscow in a dense complex of 56 sites arranged in two concentric rings. There were 22 sites in the inner ring at about 25 km radius from the center of Moscow and 34 sites on the outer ring at about 45 km radius. A typical site had 60 launch positions joined by a road network. This missile could carry an HE or nuclear payload of 450-700 pounds and its CEP was estimated to be 65-120 feet.

Variants: •  SA-1 Guild-N is the nuclear warhead version.

SA-2 Guideline
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 28.400 Kg
Speed 50 km/h
Range 420 km
Shooting Range 40.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 50.000 m

The SA-2 Guideline is a medium to high altitude surface-to-air missile system. It is a two-stage weapon with a large solid propellant booster stage fitted with four very large delta fins. The warhead of the SA-2 weighs 195 kg (130 kg of which is HE) and is an HE internally grooved fragmentation type with proximity; contact and command type fusing available.

Variants:
SA-2 Guideline-N The 295 kg nuclear warhead for the SA-2e variant is believed to have a yield of 15 kT. The conventional warhead weighs the same.

SA-3 Goa
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 28.400 Kg
Speed 50 km/h
Range 420 km
Shooting Range 25.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 25.000 m

The SA-3 Goa is a two-stage, solid-fuel, low to medium-altitude SAM. Two ready missiles travel in tandem on a modified truck or tracked vehicle from which the crew loads the missiles onto a ground-mounted, trainable launcher for firing. Both twin and quadruple launchers are in use. The trainable launchers are ground-mounted but can be relocated. SA-3s are normally transported in pairs from battalion storage areas on modified trucks and loaded onto the launchers with the aid of a conveyor. It takes only a minute to load the missiles onto the rails, but the duration between missile launches is about 50 minutes due to missile preparation, truck transit and other reloading procedures. The missile's ability to dive also allows it to be used against surface targets and naval vessels.

SA-4 Ganef
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 28.400 Kg
Speed 50 km/h
Range 420 km
Shooting Range 50.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 50.000 m

Each SA-4 Ganef consists of a tracked armoured chassis on top of which is mounted a hydraulically operated turntable carrying the two missiles. The vehicle has an air filtration and overpressure NBC system and an IR night vision system for the commander and driver but no amphibious capability.

SA-5 Gammon
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 28.400 Kg
Speed 50 km/h
Range 420 km
Shooting Range 255.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 40.000 m

The SA-5 GAMMON is a medium to high -altitude surface to air missile system. The missile itself is of the single-stage type with four jettisonable, wraparound solid fuel booster packs. Each booster is 4.9 m long, 0.48 m in diameter and has a single fin span length of 0.35 m from the booster body. The minimum range of 60 km or so is due to the booster burn time and jettison requirements which limit it to engagements against relatively large unmaneuverable targets at ranges up to 250 km. Guidance beyond the 60 km booster jettison point is by course correction command signals from the Square Pair radar with the S-200's own active radar terminal homing seeker head being activated near to the projected intercept point for the final guidance phase. The large HE warhead is detonated either by a command signal or the onboard proximity fusing system.

Variants:
SA-5 Gammon-N is fitted with a nuclear warhead.

SA-6 Gainful
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 4
Weight 28.400 Kg
Speed 50 km/h
Range 420 km
Shooting Range 75.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 10.000 m

The SA-6 GAINFUL is a two-stage, solid-fuel, low-altitude SAM. It has radio-command guidance with semi-active radar terminal homing. It is estimated that the SA-6 GAINFUL missile has a length of 5.7 m, body diameter of 0.335 m, wing span of 1.245 m, tail span of 1.524 m and has a launch weight of 599 kg with a 56 kg HE-fragmentation warhead. The proximity and contact fuses are armed after some 50 m of flight. The basic SA-6a has a maximum effective range of 24000 m and a minimum effective range of 3000 m, the minimum engagement height is 100 m.

SA-7 Grail
Origin Soviet Union
Type Shoulder
Track -
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 1
Weight 16 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 5.500 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 4.500 m

The SA-7 GRAI is a man-portable, shoulder-fired, low-altitude SAM system. The missile had a HE warhead and passive infrared homing guidance. The system comprises the missile, a reloadable gripstock and a thermal battery. This gives the SA-7 a slant range of about 5.5 km, a ceiling of about 4.5 km, and a speed of about 500 meters per second (Mach 1.75). The SA-7are tail-chase missile systems, and its effectiveness depends on its ability to lock onto the heat source of targets, usually low-flying fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft. Although the SA-7 is limited in range, speed, and altitude, it forces enemy pilots to fly above minimum radar limitations, which results in detection and vulnerability to regimental and divisional air defence systems.

SA-8 Gecko
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Track
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 18.500 Kg
Speed 65 km/h
Range 500 km
Shooting Range 15.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 12.000 m

The SA-8 GECKO is a single-stage, solid-fuel, short-range, low-altitude, all-weather SAM system. The SA-8 high acceleration missile has a launch weight of about 130 kg. Maximum speed is Mach 2.4, minimum altitude is 25 m, maximum effective altitude 5000 m. The minimum range is 1500 m and the maximum range 12000 m. Against an F-4 Phantom target the warhead's lethal radius at low altitude is 5 m and is fitted with proximity and contact fuses. The reloading time is five minutes. Combat deployment time is four minutes with system reaction 26 seconds. The vehicle is fully amphibious, being propelled in the water by two water jets at the rear of the hull. The vehicle is fitted with an air filtration and overpressure NBC system together with IR systems for the commander and driver.

SA-9 Gaskin
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Track
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 18.500
Speed 65 km/h
Range 500 km
Shooting Range 15.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 12.000 m

The SA-9 GASKIN is a short-range, low-altitude SAM. The system consists of a BRDM-2 transporter erector launcher (TEL) chain-driven belly wheels removed and the normal turret replaced by one with four ready to launch SA-9 container-launcher boxes. The minimum range of the SA-9 is 800 m and the maximum range 6500 m within altitude limits of 15 to 5200 m. When engaging a head-on target the system has a considerably reduced range. The SA-9 is fitted with an HE-fragmentation warhead and proximity fuse with a lethal radius of 5 m and damage radius of 7.6 m. O In combat the missiles are usually sequentially fired (two per target) to increase the kill probability with a time between rounds of about five seconds. Reloading is performed manually and takes about five minutes to accomplish.

SA-10 Grumble
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Track
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 18.500 Kg
Speed 65 km/h
Range 500 km
Shooting Range 90.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 30.000 m

The all-weather SA-10 system is able to engage several targets at once and combat intensive raids at all altitude levels from very low up to high level. The weapon is mounted, carried and vertically launched from a dedicated four-round capacity transporter-erector launcher vehicle based on a truck chassis. The combined engagement radar and control station is mounted on the same chassis. The vertically launched SA-10 missile is a single stage weapon powered by an air-fired solid propellant rocket motor. The warhead is normally a 100 kg plus HE-fragmentation type with proximity fusing although a low yield tactical nuclear type is believed to be a possible option. The TEL version carries a total of four sealed container-launcher cylinders, each of which is used for the storage, transport and launching of a missile.

SA-11 Gadfly
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Track
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 18.500 Kg
Speed 65 km/h
Range 500 km
Shooting Range 30.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 15.000 m

The SA-11 GADFLY is a medium-range, semi-active, radar-guided missile using solid-rocket propulsion. The system provides defence against high-performance aircraft and cruise missiles. The SA-11, which is based on the GM-569 tracked chassis, carries four ready to fire missiles on a turntable that can be traversed a full 360 degrees. The SA-11 represents a considerable improvement over the earlier SA-6 GAINFUL system. The system is more mobile, taking only about 5 minutes to move from road march to engagement. The battery can engage six separate targets simultaneously, instead of only one by the SA-6. Moreover, the higher kill probability of kill means that the ready reserve of missiles will not be exhausted as quickly as with the SA-6. Russian sources claim a single missile kill probability of 60-90% against aircraft and 30-70% against helicopters.

SA-11 Gladiator
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Track
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 18.500 Kg
Speed 65 km/h
Range 500 km
Shooting Range 90.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 40.000 m

The SA-12 Gadfly is a low-to-high Altitude, tactical surface to air missile system/anti-ballistic missile system. The SA-12 carries four GLADIATOR missiles, It can track up to 12 targets and control up to six missiles against these targets simultaneously.

SA-13 Gopher
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Track
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun 7.62mm MG
Crew 3
Weight 18.500 Kg
Speed 65 km/h
Range 500 km
Shooting Range 5.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 3.500 m

The SA-13 GOPHER is a short-range, low altitude SAM system. The SA-13 is a modified MT-LB amphibious armoured tracked vehicle with the machine-gun turret removed. The SA-13 missile is 2.2 m long, 0.12 m in diameter with a 0.4 m wingspan and has a maximum speed of Mach 2. It carries a 5 kg HE warhead. The estimated minimum range of the SA-13 is 500 m and the maximum effective range of 5000 m with altitude engagement limits of 10 to 3500 m.

SA-14 Gremlin
Origin Soviet Union
Type Shoulder
Track -
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 1
Weight 18 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 4.500 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 3.000 m

The SA-14 GREMLIN is the successor to the SA-7. The SA-14 has an external appearance very similar to that of the SA-7. In fact the gripstock, launch canister and aft missile body are almost identical. The most significant differences are the new seeker system and the substitution of a ball-shaped thermal battery and gas reservoir for the old canister shaped battery found on the SA-7. The new seeker of the SA-14 allows it to home in on the exhaust plume of jet engines, turboprop and helicopter gas turbine engines. The enhanced seeker allowed the SA-14 to be fired against a target from much broader angles, as well as defeating certain countermeasure techniques such as exhaust shrouds. In addition, optical filtration was added to the seeker to reduce vulnerability to typical IRCM flares. Because of the small warhead size of the SA-7, the warhead of the SA-14 was nearly doubled in weight. To prevent the heavier warhead from degrading missile performance, the guidance electronics were reduced in weight and a new solid-propellant motor was fitted so that aerodynamic performance was actually increased. The SA-14 has a maximum range of 4500 meters, and a maximum altitude of 3000 meters.

SA-15 Gaunlet
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Track
Main Gun Missile
Secondary
Gun 7.62mm MG
Crew 3
Weight 18.500 Kg
Speed 65 km/h
Range 500 km
Shooting Range 12.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 10.000 m

The chassis of the SA-15 Gaunlet system is almost identical to that used for the 2S6 self-propelled hybrid air defense system and is based on the GM-569 tracked vehicle. The three man crew comprises the vehicle commander, system operator and vehicle driver. The single stage solid propellant missile has a maximum speed of 850 m/s and is fitted with a 15 kg HE-fragmentation warhead that is detonated by a proximity fusing system. Provisional missile details are length 3.5 m, diameter 0.735 m and launch weight 170 kg. On firing a cold launch ejection system propels the missile upwards to a height of 18-20 m where thruster jets ignite and turn the weapon onto the target bearing. Effective range limits are from 1500 to 12000 m with target altitude limits being between 10 and 6000 m.

SA-16 Gimlet
Origin Soviet Union
Type Shoulder
Track -
Main Gun -
Secondary Gun -
Crew 1
Weight 18 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 5.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 3.500 m

The SA-16 GIMLET is a further development from the SA-7 & SA-14 series of portable SAMs. The SA-16, is actually an improved version of the SA-18 GROUSE, which was introduced in 1983, three years before the SA-16. The SA-16 has been improved over the SA-18 through the addition of a new seeker and modified launcher nose cover. The seeker is sensitive enough to home in on airframe radiation, and the two-colour sensitivity is designed to minimize vulnerability to flares. The SA-16 has a maximum range of 5000 meters and a maximum altitude of 3500 meters.

SA-17 Grizzly
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 22.450 Kg
Speed 65 km/h
Range 500 km
Shooting Range 40.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 20.000 m

The SA-17 Grizzly system was developed to eventually replace the SA-11 GADFLY.

SA-18 Grouse
Origin Soviet Union
Type Shoulder
Track -
Main Gun -
Secondary Gun -
Crew 1
Weight 18 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 5.200 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 3.500 m

The SA-18 GROUSE is a further development from the SA-7 & SA-14 series of portable SAMs. The SA-18 resembles the earlier SA-14 in many details such as the use of a similar thermal battery/gas bottle. However the missile itself an entirely new design with substantially improved range and speed. Like the SA-14, the SA-18 has a 2 kg high-explosive warhead. However, the new seeker and aerodynamic improvements extend its effective range and its higher speed enables it to be used against faster targets. The probability of kill against an unprotected fighter is estimated at 30-48%, and the use of IRCM jammers only degrades this to 24-30%.

SA-19 Grisom
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Wheeled
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 18.500 Kg
Speed 80 km/h
Range 700 km
Shooting Range 12.200 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 8.000 m

The SA-19 GRISOM is a radar command guided, two-stage surface to air missile. The SA-19 is fitted with two banks of four missiles, in blocks of two, which can be elevated vertically independent of each other. The SA-19 can engage aerial targets from 15 to 3500 meters in altitude, and from 2400 to 8000 meters in slant range, with the target having a maximum speed of 500 m/s. The missile has a HE fragmentation warhead, which is actuated by a proximity fuse if the missile passes within 5 m of the target. The SA-19 is claimed to have a kill probability of 65%.

SA-20 Triumf
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 22.450 Kg
Speed 65 km/h
Range 500 km
Shooting Range 400.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 18.000 m

The Triumf S-400 is a new generation of air defence and theatre anti-missile weapon developed by the Almaz Central Design Bureau as an evolution of the S-300PMU [SA-10] family. This new system is intended to detect and destroy airborne targets at a distance of up to 400 km (2- 2.5 times greater than the previous S-300PMU system). The Triumf system includes radars capable of detecting low-signature targets.

SA-X-21 Mysk
Origin Soviet Union
Type Self Propelled
Track Tracked
Main Gun Missile
Secondary Gun -
Crew 3
Weight 22.450 Kg
Speed 65 km/h
Range 500 km
Shooting Range 400.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 20.000 m

Very limited information exist on the SA-X-21 Mysk Mysk anti aircraft system.

BOFORS L70
Origin Sweden
Type Towed
Track Wheeled
Main Gun 40mm gun
Secondary Gun -
Crew 5
Weight 450 Kg
Speed -
Range -
Shooting Range 3.000 m
Shooting Range, Altitude 2.500 m

Towed 40mm gun with a 3 km range and a 2,5 km ceiling. The Bofors L70 is remarkable cheap and easy to maintain.